Abstract
The potential effects and green dilemma of wind energy developments on Avifauna are explored using information from previous studies of existing wind farms. Besides, key ecological considerations of future wind energy development scenario of Ethiopia were also drawn. Moreover, post-construction ecological impacts of the currently operating wind power plants on avifauna are not yet researched. Despite the fact that, various scientific literatures across the globe has revealed the effect of wind power plant on avifauna and other wild animals. The effects of wind farms on avifauna are highly variable and depend on a wide range of factors including the specification of the wind plants, the topography of adjacent land, the habitats and the number and species of birds present. As well, the impact of wind farms on avifauna includes habitat loss, collisions with wind turbines, disturbance/displacement and barrier effects. Species groups which are at risk of collision includes migratory soaring bird species such as storks and cranes, birds of prey such as eagles and hawks, and some species of sea birds. The Ethiopian electric power corporation recognizes the importance of diversification of energy resources to ensure stable energy supply and is trying to develop various kinds’ of alternative power plants technologies. Thus, development of wind farms should be considered in the light of both energy and ecological significance to wild animals and the largest biodiversity. In order to avoid the negative impacts of wind farms a strategic approach at the landscape scale early in the planning stage will both avoid impacts to biodiversity and reduce the risk to developers. Likewise, mitigation measures with a potential to minimize impacts are also summarized. Finally, wildlife concerns of future wind energy development scenario and recent developments in the monitoring are outlined and some areas for future work are described.