TY - JOUR
TI - Avian Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities in North America: A Comparison of Recent Approaches
AU - Johnson, D
AU - Loss, S
AU - Smallwood, K
AU - Erickson, W
T2 - Human-Wildlife Interactions
AB - Three recent publications have estimated the number of birds killed each year by wind energy facilities at 2012 build-out levels in the United States. The 3 publications differ in scope, methodology, and resulting estimates. We compare and contrast characteristics of the approaches used in the publications. In addition, we describe decisions made in obtaining the estimates that were produced. Despite variation in the 3 approaches, resulting estimates were reasonably similar; about a quarter- to a half-million birds are killed per year by colliding with wind turbines.
DA - 2016/04//
PY - 2016
VL - 10
IS - 1
SP - 7
EP - 18
UR - https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/hwi/vol10/iss1/3/
DO - 10.26077/a4ec-ed37
LA - English
KW - Wind Energy
KW - Land-Based Wind
KW - Collision
KW - Birds
ER -